{"id":18260,"date":"2026-03-16T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T07:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nievesenergia.com\/?p=18260"},"modified":"2026-03-16T08:50:50","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T07:50:50","slug":"platts-ice-cotitzacions-mercat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nievesenergia.com\/ca\/blog\/axoil-ca\/platts-ice-cotitzacions-mercat\/","title":{"rendered":"Platts vs ICE: com es publiquen les cotitzacions del mercat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

En el mercat petrol\u00edfer internacional, dues refer\u00e8ncies destaquen com a pilars per a la formaci\u00f3 de preus: S&P Global Platts (PLATTS)<\/a><\/strong> i l’Intercontinental Exchange (ICE)<\/a>. Encara que tots dos s’utilitzen per a determinar valors de productes energ\u00e8tics, compleixen funcions distintes i metodologies diferents. <\/p>\n\n

Per a empreses com Axoil<\/a><\/strong>, comprendre aquestes refer\u00e8ncies resulta essencial per a valorar operacions majoristes, fixar costos d’aprovisionament, definir estrat\u00e8gies comercials i entendre com evolucionen els marges.<\/p>\n\n

En aquest article expliquem, amb un enfocament pr\u00e0ctic per a operadors petrol\u00edfers, qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n PLATTS i ICE, quina relaci\u00f3 existeix entre ells i com es publiquen les cotitzacions<\/strong> que influeixen en el cost dels combustibles.<\/p>\n\n

Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s Platts?<\/h2>\n\n

S&P Global Platts<\/strong> \u00e9s la divisi\u00f3 de l’ag\u00e8ncia internacional Standard & Poors Global que publica avaluacions independents de preus (\u201cassessments<\/em>\u201d) del mercat f\u00edsic de productes petrol\u00edfers.<\/strong> Aix\u00f2 inclou:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • Gasolines<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Di\u00e8sel i gasoils<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Jet fuel<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Fuels<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • LPG (prop\u00e0, but\u00e0)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Crus de refer\u00e8ncia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Aquestes avaluacions no s\u00f3n preus de transaccions tancades, sin\u00f3 preus de refer\u00e8ncia derivats de l’observaci\u00f3 del mercat f\u00edsic:<\/strong> ofertes, licitacions, acords, nivells de c\u00e0rrega\/descarrega, qualitat del producte, log\u00edstica, etc.<\/p>\n\n

    La metodologia: Market-*on-*Close (MOC)<\/h3>\n\n

    El seu sistema m\u00e9s conegut \u00e9s el MOC<\/strong>, un proc\u00e9s transparent i supervisat que recopila ofertes i operacions reals del mercat f\u00edsic<\/strong> durant una finestra di\u00e0ria (normalment \u00faltima hora del dia de trading). Al tancament, Platts analitza: <\/p>\n\n

      \n
    • operacions confirmades<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • diferencials de preu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • disponibilitat de producte<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • condicions log\u00edstiques i qualitat<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • informaci\u00f3 contrastada amb compradors, venedors i brokers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

      El resultat final s\u00f3n cotitzacions publicades di\u00e0riament<\/strong>, que es converteixen en la base per a centenars de contractes de subministrament <\/strong>a Europa.<\/p>\n\n

      Per qu\u00e8 \u00e9s clau per a Axoil<\/h3>\n\n
        \n
      • Les importacions <\/strong>i operacions majoristes s’indexen sovint a Platts CIF Med<\/strong>, Platts FOB Med<\/strong> o Platts NWE.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • El MOC determina el valor del \u201cproducte acabat\u201d que arriba per vaixell i que despr\u00e9s es distribueix a operadors, gasolineres, distribu\u00efdors i grans consumidors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Els diferencials sobre PLATTS condicionen els costos d’aprovisionament i la competitivitat enfront d’altres operadors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

        Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s ICE (Intercontinental Exchange)?<\/h2>\n\n

        ICE <\/strong>\u00e9s un mercat de futurs i derivats <\/strong>on es negocien contractes energ\u00e8tics, financers i agr\u00edcoles. En el sector petrol\u00edfer, el seu rol principal \u00e9s la negociaci\u00f3 de futurs de: <\/p>\n\n

          \n
        • Brent Crude<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Gasoil 0.1%<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Gasoil ARA<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Altres productes refinats<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

          A difer\u00e8ncia de Platts, que avalua preus f\u00edsics<\/strong>, ICE reflecteix expectatives de mercat a futur.<\/strong> \u00c9s a dir: <\/p>\n\n

            \n
          • Platts = qu\u00e8 est\u00e0 passant avui en el mercat f\u00edsic<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • ICE = qu\u00e8 creu el mercat que passar\u00e0 dem\u00e0 (futurs)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

            El contracte estrella: ICE Brent<\/h3>\n\n

            El Brent <\/strong>negociat en ICE \u00e9s un dels principals marcadors globals del preu del cru. El seu moviment afecta directament al cost de refinament i, per tant, als preus de gasolines i gasoils. <\/p>\n\n

            Futurs de gasoil en ICE<\/h3>\n\n

            El contracte \u201cICE Gasoil\u201d \u00e9s especialment rellevant perqu\u00e8:<\/p>\n\n

              \n
            • Serveix com a cobertura (hedging<\/em>)<\/strong> per a refineries, operadors i grans consumidors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Influeix en els diferencials f\u00edsics publicats per Platts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Aporta liquiditat i transpar\u00e8ncia al mercat majorista.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

              Quina relaci\u00f3 existeix entre Platts i ICE?<\/h2>\n\n

              Encara que, com hem vist, Platts i ICE s\u00f3n diferents, estan estretament relacionats.<\/p>\n\n

                \n
              • ICE marca la tend\u00e8ncia macro.<\/strong> El preu del futur Brent o Gasoil anuncia el que espera el mercat en el curt\/mitj\u00e0 termini. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Platts aterra aquesta tend\u00e8ncia en el mercat f\u00edsic<\/strong>. A trav\u00e9s del seu sistema MOC, determina quant s’est\u00e0 pagant realment pel producte avui. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                En altres paraules, ICE influeix en les expectatives d’oferta\/demanda de cru i productes, i Platts determina el preu de mercat f\u00edsic sobre el qual es tanquen contractes reals.<\/p>\n\n

                Com afecta aix\u00f2 a operadors petrol\u00edfers com Axoil<\/h3>\n\n
                  \n
                • Si ICE puja, normalment dies despr\u00e9s Platts tendeix a reflectir moviments alcistes<\/strong>, encarint els costos del producte disponible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Els diferencials f\u00edsics (premis o descomptes sobre Platts) depenen de l’equilibri entre disponibilitat, log\u00edstica i demanda del mercat real.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • En compres indexades, Axoil pagar\u00e0 Platts \u00b1 un diferencial<\/strong> que negociar\u00e0 amb el prove\u00efdor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                  Com es publiquen les cotitzacions de Platts?<\/h2>\n\n

                  Les avaluacions del mercat f\u00edsic es publiquen cada dia laboral,<\/strong> normalment despr\u00e9s de la finestra MOC entre les 18.00 i 19.00 (CET). Els formats habituals amb els quals treballen els operadors petrol\u00edfers s\u00f3n: <\/p>\n\n

                    \n
                  • PDF diari<\/strong> amb tots els assessments<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Datasets i feeds <\/strong>per a sistemes ERP<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Platts Global Alert (plataforma d’alertes de<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Platts Oilgram<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Connexi\u00f3 mitjan\u00e7ant API per a plataformes de trading<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                    Les publicacions inclouen dades importants com:<\/p>\n\n

                      \n
                    • Valor espot del producte<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Diferencials entre regions (Med, NWE, ARA, CIF\/FOB)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Moviments respecte al dia anterior<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Comentaris de mercat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                      Com es publiquen les cotitzacions d’ICE?<\/h3>\n\n

                      Les cotitzacions d’ICE es publiquen en temps real durant la sessi\u00f3 de mercat. Existeixen: <\/p>\n\n

                        \n
                      • Preus en temps real (live)<\/strong> per a traders o usuaris de plataformes com a iCE Connect o WebICE.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Preus diferits (15 minuts)<\/strong> acc\u00e9s p\u00fablic b\u00e0sic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Dades consolidades al tancament (settlement prices),<\/strong> fonamentals per a contractes f\u00edsics i financers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                        Els valors clau s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n

                          \n
                        • Open<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • High \/ Low<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Last<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Settlement <\/strong>(preu oficial de tancament)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                          Els fabricants, operadors petrol\u00edfers i distribu\u00efdors utilitzen especialment el settlement <\/strong>per a an\u00e0lisi de tend\u00e8ncies i cobertura de riscos.<\/p>\n\n

                          Com utilitza Axoil aquestes refer\u00e8ncies en la seva activitat di\u00e0ria?<\/h3>\n\n

                          En una empresa operadora com Axoil<\/strong>, Platts i ICE intervenen en:<\/p>\n\n

                          Aprovisionament<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

                            \n
                          • Compra de gasoil i gasolina indexada a PLATTS CIF\/FOB Med<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Contractes \u201cPlatts + diferencial\u201d segons prove\u00efdor i volum..<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • An\u00e0lisi de marges dia a dia en funci\u00f3 del MOC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                            Estrat\u00e8gia comercial B2B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

                              \n
                            • Definici\u00f3 de preus per a clients majoristes i flotistes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Control de marges diaris per variaci\u00f3 del MOC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Avaluaci\u00f3 de l’impacte d’ICE en el cost del cru i refinat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                              Gesti\u00f3 de risc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

                                \n
                              • \u00das de futurs ICE per a protecci\u00f3 enfront de moviments bruscos del Jet Fuel, Gasoil o Brent.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • Seguiment de spreads entre f\u00edsics i futurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                                Intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia de mercat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

                                  \n
                                • Correlaci\u00f3 entre l’evoluci\u00f3 del futur Gasoil ICE i les avaluacions Platts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • An\u00e0lisi de tensions log\u00edstiques (vaixells, estocatges, LLAURA, Mediterrani) que afecten diferencials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

                                  Per qu\u00e8 Platts i ICE s\u00f3n essencials per a operadors com Axoil<\/h2>\n\n

                                  Tant Platts <\/strong>com ICE <\/strong>s\u00f3n pilars fonamentals per a comprendre la din\u00e0mica de preus del petroli. ICE indica cap a on es dirigeix el mercat<\/strong>, i Platts indica quant costa el producte avui.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n

                                  Per a empreses com Axoil, aquests \u00edndexs s\u00f3n imprescindibles<\/strong> per a negociar compres, fixar preus competitius, optimitzar marges, anticipar moviments del mercat, calcular impactes financers, i avaluar oportunitats en el negoci majorista.<\/p>\n\n

                                  Dominar totes dues refer\u00e8ncies permet a l’empresa prendre decisions informades, competitives i alineades amb les condicions reals del mercat internacional.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                  Expliquem qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n Platts i ICE, com es publiquen les seves cotitzacions i per qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n claus en la formaci\u00f3 de preu del mercat petrol\u00edfer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18257,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jet_sm_ready_style":"","_jet_sm_style":"","_jet_sm_controls_values":"","_jet_sm_fonts_collection":"","_jet_sm_fonts_links":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[101],"class_list":["post-18260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-axoil-ca","tag-axoil-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nPlatts vs ICE: com es publiquen les cotitzacions del mercat - Nieves Energia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Analitzem les difer\u00e8ncies entre Platts i ICE i com es publiquen les cotitzacions que determinen els preus del mercat petrol\u00edfer.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nievesenergia.com\/ca\/blog\/axoil-ca\/platts-ice-cotitzacions-mercat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Platts vs ICE: com es publiquen les cotitzacions del mercat - 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